Geographic variation in snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) egg components across a longitudinal transect
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چکیده
Common snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) have an extensive range across North America, inhabiting aquatic habitats in diverse thermal and hydric climates. Although geographic variation in reproductive characters such as female size, clutch size, and egg mass have been investigated, little is known about geographic variation in egg components. In this study, we examined variation in the water content, solid content, and shell mass of snapping turtle eggs from four populations dispersed along a longitudinal geographic transect (Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, and Nebraska). Initial egg mass and dry shell mass were similar among these four populations. However, water contents of eggs correlated positively with longitude, whereas dry content mass correlated negatively with longitude. Moreover, water content of eggs correlated negatively with the average number of days per year where average air temperatures exceeded 15 °C in a particular region (an indicator of regional thermal climate), and dry content of eggs correlated positively with both the number of days per year where average air temperatures exceeded 15 °C and the average total precipitation for the months of May through September (an indicator of regional hydric climate). These findings suggest that egg content (and perhaps egg quality) in this wide-ranging species of turtle varies in a manner reflecting differences in climate. Résumé : La tortue serpentine commune (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) possède une vaste répartition en Amérique du Nord et habite les milieux aquatiques sous divers climats thermiques et hydriques. Bien qu’il y ait eu des études de la variation de ses caractéristiques reproductives, telles que la taille des femelles, la taille des couvées, et la masse des oeufs, on connaît mal la variation géographique des composantes de l’oeuf. Notre étude examine les variations du contenu hydrique, du contenu en solides et de la masse de la coquille dans quatre populations de tortues serpentines réparties le long d’un gradient longitudinal (Pennsylvanie, Michigan, Minnesota et Nebraska). La masse initiale des oeufs et la masse sèche des coquilles sont semblables chez les quatre populations. Cependant, il y a une corrélation positive entre le contenu hydrique et la longitude et une corrélation négative entre la masse sèche du contenu et la longitude. De plus, le contenu hydrique est en corrélation négative avec le nombre moyen de jours par année durant lesquels la température moyenne de l’air dépasse 15 C dans la région (c’est un indicateur du climat thermique régional); le contenu sec des oeufs est en corrélation positive avec le nombre de jours par année durant lesquels la température moyenne de l’air dépasse 15 C, mais aussi avec le total moyen des précipitations du mois de mai à la fin de septembre (c’est un indicateur du climat hydrique régional). Ces résultats laissent croire que, chez cette espèce de tortue à large répartition, le contenu des oeufs, et peut-être aussi la qualité des oeufs, varient en fonction des différences de climat. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Finkler et al. 109
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